First DUI in Alabama: What Actually Happens From Stop to Sentencing

Getting pulled over and charged with DUI in Alabama can feel like a free fall. One minute you’re answering an officer’s questions; the next you’re in handcuffs wondering what happens to your license, your job, and your record. This guide walks through the real-world timeline of a first DUI—from the traffic stop to the first court date, potential outcomes, and the practical steps you can take this week to protect yourself.

From blue lights to arrest: how officers build probable cause

Most DUI cases begin with a traffic reason—speeding, drifting, a tag light, or a checkpoint. After the stop, officers watch for indicators like odor of alcohol, watery or glassy eyes, slurred or thick-tongued speech, and fumbling for documents. They also evaluate “divided-attention” tasks, such as handing over your license while answering questions. If enough clues stack up, they may ask for field sobriety tests: the walk-and-turn, one-leg stand, and the horizontal gaze nystagmus (eye) test.

Context matters. Gravel shoulders, rain, cold wind, boots or heels, old injuries, vertigo, neuropathy, or anxiety can all mimic impairment. Politely mention anything relevant and ask the officer to note it. Your attorney will later compare the report with body-cam and dash-cam video to see whether the written narrative matches what actually happened.

The breath or blood test comes later—not curbside

Contrary to TV, the arrest decision usually happens before any chemical test. In many Alabama cases, breath testing occurs at the station. The number is not the whole story. Results can be challenged based on maintenance logs, operator certification, the required observation period, medical conditions like GERD that cause mouth alcohol, or timing that suggests rising blood alcohol. If a blood test is used, chain of custody and lab protocols matter.

Two tracks start immediately: the criminal case and your driver’s license

A DUI triggers both a court case and separate driver’s license consequences under implied-consent rules. The license track has short deadlines to request hearings or restricted privileges. Missing a deadline can limit your ability to drive to work or school even if your criminal case is strong. Early consultation is critical so paperwork gets filed on time.

Your first court date and what “discovery” means

At arraignment, most people enter a not-guilty plea so counsel can gather evidence. Discovery typically includes:

• Body-cam and dash-cam video and audio from the stop, tests, and station.
• Field sobriety testing notes and training history for the officer.
• Breath machine maintenance and calibration logs, as well as operator credentials.
• Any blood-draw paperwork, chain of custody, and lab reports.

Your defense will examine whether the stop was lawful, whether instructions and conditions for field tests were appropriate, whether scoring followed training, and whether any chemical testing complied with required procedures.

Possible outcomes for a first offense

Every county and court has its own practices, but common outcomes include education programs, ignition interlock, probation, fines and court costs, community service, and in some cases a short jail sentence that may be suspended. Some cases resolve with reductions or dismissals when video contradicts the report or when testing or procedure is flawed. Other cases proceed to trial. There is no one-size-fits-all answer—the evidence drives the strategy.

Insurance, employment, and other fallout

A DUI accusation can affect insurance rates and job status, especially for commercial drivers or anyone who drives as part of their work. Get ahead of logistics:

• Plan transportation during any license restriction or interlock period.
• Review handbooks for any reporting obligations to an employer or licensing board.
• Keep records of court dates, classes, interlock service, and counseling so you can document compliance if asked.

What to do this week to protect yourself

• Write a detailed timeline while memories are fresh: where you were, what you consumed and when, medications, sleep, road conditions, and exactly what the officer said and did.
• Save receipts, text messages, and the names and numbers of witnesses who saw you before the stop.
• Tell your lawyer about medical issues that affect breath testing or balance, like asthma, GERD, vertigo, neuropathy, or recent injuries.
• Ask counsel to request preservation of all video right away; some agencies overwrite footage on a short cycle.
• Calendar license-related deadlines immediately, even if you plan to contest the charge.

Common questions about a first DUI

How long does a first DUI case take? It varies by county, but several months is common. Continuances are normal while evidence is collected and reviewed.

Can I drive to work? Maybe. Depending on facts and timing, you may qualify for restricted privileges or interlock-based driving. The key is acting before deadlines pass.

If I only had one drink, why was I arrested? Officers rely on the totality of circumstances—not just a number. Video that shows steady balance, clear speech, and careful driving can be powerful in court.

Do I have to do field sobriety tests? You are not legally required to perform roadside field tests in Alabama, but refusing may influence an officer’s decision. Always be polite and calm.

Bottom line

Arrest is not conviction. The best outcomes come from a fast, focused review of video, paperwork, and deadlines—not guesswork. If you or a loved one is facing a first DUI in Alabama, get specific guidance now.

To start a confidential review, visit our Criminal Law page for more details and Contact Us Today.

Legal disclaimer: This article provides general information about Alabama DUI procedures. It is not legal advice. Every case is unique; please speak with an attorney about your situation.